Chart Index

Subjects

Poverty

I. Poverty and the macroeconomy

Actual and simulated poverty, 1959-2009

Annual growth in productivity and real low wages with percentage-point change in unemployment and poverty rates over last three business cycles

Poverty, 2009, and projected poverty, 2010

Percentage change in male and female wages given one percentage point decline in unemployment rate, by wage decile

 

II. Poverty demographics – age, race, ethnicity, family type, and nativity

Poverty rates by age 1959-2009

Poverty rate by race and ethnicity, 1973-2009

Poverty rates of households with children, married couples and female-headed households, 1959-2009

Poverty rates by nativity and citizenship, 1993-2009

Poverty rates by age and race, 2009

 

III. Poverty – twice poverty, deep poverty, relative poverty, and persistance

Share of poor below half the poverty line, 1975-2009

Poverty and twice-poverty rates, 1959-2009

Share of the population below 50% of median income and share living below poverty line, 1979-2009

Length of time in poverty over three year period, 2001-03

 

IV. Alternative poverty measures

Official and alternative poverty rates by age, 2007

Official and alternative poverty rates by race, 2007

Official and alternative poverty rates by region, 2007

Official and alternative poverty rates by residence, 2007

Comparison of poverty measures

 

V. Government policy and poverty

Child poverty* rates in OECD countries before and after taxes and transfers, 2000

Poverty* rates in OECD countries before and after taxes and transfers, mid-2000′s

Per capita Social Security expenditures and poverty rate for 65+, 1959-2009

The effect of work support and safety net programs on low-wage worker’s resources and expenses

 

VI. Poverty and low-wage workers

Real hourly wages at 20th percentile by gender, 1973 – 2009

The characteristics of poverty-wage workers, 2009

Share of workers earning poverty-level wages by race, 1973-2009

Percent of persons (under 65) with total family out-of-pocket medical burden* more than 10% of pre-tax family income, by poverty status, 2001 and 2006

 

Income

I. Median Family Income

Real median family income, 1947-2009

Productivity and real median family income growth, 1947-2009

Median family income (2009 dollars) by race/ethnic group, 1947-2009

Ratio of black and Hispanic to white median family income, 1947-2009

Median family income by age of householder, 1979-2009 (2009 dollars)

Median family income*, 1947-2009 (2009 dollars)

Years for real median family income to regain prior peak

 

II. Median Household Income

Real median household income, 1979 – 2009

Change in real median household income, by race and ethnicity, 2007-09

 

III. Income inequality – faster growth at the top

Real median family income and income assuming growth rate of average income, 1975-2009

Real family income growth by income fifth, 1947-1973

Real family income growth by income fifth, 1973-2000

Real family income* growth by fifth, 2000-07

Real family income growth by income fifth, 2007-09

Low-, middle-, and high-income growth, 1947-2009

Ratio of family income of top 5% to lowest 20%, 1947-2009

Change in real family income following peak years

Real annual family income growth by quintile, 1947-79 and 1979-2009

Real family income (2009 dollars) by income percentile, 1947-2009

 

IV. Income inequality – greater concentration at the top

Share of pre-tax income growth, 1979-2007

Change in income shares, pre- and post-tax, 1979-2005

Household income shares, 1979-2007

Share of household income, bottom 99.5%, 1973-2008

Share of total income accruing to the top 1% and 95-99%, 1947-79 and 1979-2008

Share of income (including capital gains) held by top 1%, 1913-2008

Share of household income held by bottom 99.5%, 1913-2008

Share of family income by income fifth, 1947-2009

 

V. Expanding capital incomes

Shares of income by type and sector, 1959-2009

Share of market-based personal income by income type, 1959-2009

Growing inequality is being driven by both higher labor and investment income at the very top

Share of capital income received by income groups, 1979-2007

 

VI. Taxes

Average federal tax rates by income group, 1960-2004

Household income growth by income group, 1979-2005, pre- and post-tax

Composition of federal and state/local tax revenue, by progressive and regressive components, 2000, 2007, and 2009

Effective federal tax rates for all households, by comprehensive household income quintile, 1979-2006

Effective tax rates for selected federal taxes, 1979-2006

Federal and state/local revenue as a share of GDP, 1969-2009

 

VII. Family work hours

Annual hours of work, married men and women, 25-54, with children, 1979-2009, by income fifth

Trends in average annual hours worked for married couples (age 25-54), with children, 1975-2009

Income growth in the 1990s and 2000s and the roles of earnings, hours, and hourly wages

Median family income by family type, 1973-2009 (2009 dollars)

Real income growth of married-couple families (age 25-54), 1979-2009

 

VIII. Income inequality in peer countries

Share of U.S. median income received by low-  and high-  income households, 2005

Top 0.1% income share in selected countries, excluding capital gains

 

IX. Mobility

Share of families that experience a 50% or greater drop in income

Cumulative growth in family income volatility since 1973

 

X. Consumption

Real expenditures by income fifth, 2000-2007

 

XI. Income and health

Life expectancy for male Social Security-covered workers (age 60) by earnings group, 1972 and 2001

 

Wages

I.  Hourly wages

Hourly wage and compensation growth for production/non-supervisory workers, 1959-2009

Hourly wage and compensation growth for production/non-supervisory workers and productivity, 1947-2009

Share of workers earning poverty-level wages by gender, 1973-2009

Share of workers earning poverty-level wages by race, 1973-2009

Entry-level wages of male and female high school graduates age 19-25, 1973-2009

Entry-level wages of male and female college graduates, 1973-2009

The real value of the minimum wage, 1960-2010

 

II.  Compensation (total and non-wage)

Growth of productivity, average hourly compensation and median hourly compensation by gender, 1973-2009

Private-sector employer-provided health insurance coverage, workers 18-64 years old, 1979-2009

Private-sector, employer-provided pension coverage, 1979-2009

Workers with pension coverage by type of plan, 1983-2007

Private-sector, employer-provided pension coverage, 1979-2009

Health and pension coverage for recent high school graduates, 1979-2009

Health and pension coverage for recent college graduates, 1979-2009

 

III.  Wage inequality

Change in real hourly wages by wage percentile, 1973-2009

Change in real hourly wages for men by wage percentile, 1973-2009

Change in real hourly wages for women by wage percentile, 1973-2009

Men’s wage inequality, 1973-2009

Women’s wage inequality, 1973-2009

95/50 wage ratio by gender, 1973-2009

College/high school wage premium, 1973-2009

Union coverage rate in the United States, 1973-2009

Union membership, 1947-2010

Ratio of average CEO total direct compensation to average production worker compensation, 1965-2009

 

Health

I. Employer-sponsored health insurance, under 65

Share of under-65 population with employer-sponsored health insurance, 1999-2009

Rates of employer-sponsored health insurance by age, 2000 and 2009

Rates of employer-sponsored health insurance by education*, population under 65, 2000 and 2009

Rates of employer-sponsored health insurance by household income fifth, population under age 65; 2000 and 2009

Rates of employer-sponsored health insurance by race, ethnicity, and nativity status*, under 65 population, 2000 and 2009

Rates of employer-sponsored health insurance coverage by household income fifth, population under age 65, 2000-09

 

II. Coverage for workers

Private-sector employer-provided health insurance coverage, workers 18-64 years old, 1979-2009

Health and pension coverage for recent high school graduates, 1979-2009

Health and pension coverage for recent college graduates, 1979-2009

 

III. Sources of coverage (or lack thereof)

Share of under-65 population without health insurance, 1959-2007

Sources of insurance for the population under 65, 2000 and 2009

Rates of any insurance and employer-sponsored health insurance coverage, under 65 years old

Duration without health insurance coverage, between 2001 and 2003

Status of enrollees of the State Childrens’ Health Insurance Program (SCHIP)* in ten state sample**, 2002

Rates of Medicaid/SCHIP* and employer-sponsored health insurance for children under 18, 2000-2009

 

IV. Life expectancy and infant mortality

Life expectancy for male Social Security-covered workers (age 60) by earnings group, 1972 and 2001

Absolute difference in life expectancy between top and bottom deciles of socioeconomic deprivation groups*, 1980-2000

Life expectancy at 25 by race and education for women, 2000

Infant mortality, per 1,000 births, 1979 and 2006

Racial* disparities in infant mortality rates, 1980-2007, selected years

Life expectancy and health spending per capita, 2007*

 

V. Health costs and security

Percent of adults over 18 reporting a cost-related access problem*, 2007

Racial differences in health care insecurity, 2007

Percent of persons (under 65) with total family out-of-pocket medical burden* more than 10% of pre-tax family income, by insurance status, 2001 and 2006

Percent of persons (under 65) with total family out-of-pocket medical burden* more than 10% of pre-tax family income, by poverty status, 2001 and 2006

Growth rate index of family health insurance premiums, workers’ earnings, and overall inflation, 1999-2009

Public and private expenditures on health care spending (as percent of GDP), 2007*

 

Jobs

I. The Great Recession

Indexed job loss for prior four recessions

Payroll employment and the number of jobs needed to keep up with the growth in working-age population

Percent change in total private employment and index of aggregate weekly hours since recession start

Job loss in 2007 recession and four recent 48-month paths of recovery: actual, 2001 model, 1990 model, and 1981 model

2007 recession and range of largest job growth, largest job loss, and average change in employment for all post-war recessions

 

II. Unemployment

Unemployment rate for total population age 16 and older, 1948-2010

Unemployment rate of population age 16 and older by race and ethnicity, 1973 – 2010

Unemployment rates of population age 25 and older by educational attainment, 1979-2010

Unemployment rate of population age 16 and older by race and gender, 1973-2010

Unemployment rate of population age 16 and older by gender, 1948-2010

Unemployment rate of the population age 16-24, 25-54, and 55 and older, 1948-2010

Annual unemployment rates of native born and foreign born workers, population age 16 and older, 1996-2010

The NAIRU versus actual unemployment rate

Unemployment rate of United States, Japan, and E.U. 15

Standardized* unemployment rates, 1979-2009

 

III. Jobs

Gross job gains and losses as a share of total employment

Total nonfarm and private employment, 1979-2010

Number of months to regain total nonfarm and total private peak-level employment after a recession, 1945-2001

Annualized peak-to-peak growth in total nonfarm and total private employment, 1959-2007

Part-time* status as a share of total employment, 1968-2010

Peak-to-peak annual growth rates by industry, 1979-2007

Employment in temporary help services as a share of total nonfarm employment, 1990-2010

 

IV. Underemployment

The number of underemployed workers, including those unemployed, part-time for economic reasons, and marginally attached, 1994 – 2010

Underemployment rate of population age 16 and older by educational attainment, 1994-2010

Underemployment rate of population age 16 and older by gender, 1994-2010

Underemployment rate of population age 16 and older by race and ethnicity, 1994-2010

 

V. Labor force

Labor force participation rate of population age 16-24, 25-54, and 55 and older, 1948-2010

Labor force participation rate for total population age 16 and older, 1948-2010

Labor force participation rates of population age 25 and older by educational attainment, 1992-2010

Share of over-25 population with high school and college degrees

Labor force participation rate of population age 16 and older, by gender

Labor force participation rate of population age 16 and older by race, 1973-2010

Labor force participation rate for population age 16 and older by race and gender, 1973-2010

 

VI. Employment-to-population ratio

Employment-to-population ratio of population age 16 and older, 1948-2010

The employment-to-population ratio age 16-24, 25-54 and 55 and older, 1948-2010

Employment-to-population ratio of population 25 and older by educational attainment, 1992-2010

Employment-to-population ratio of population age 16 and older by gender, 1948-2010

Employment-to-population ratio of population age 16 and older by race, 1973-2010

Employment-to-population ratio age 16 and older by race and gender, 1973-2010

 

VII. Duration of unemployment

Percent of the labor force that has been unemployed for more than six months

The share of the unemployed who have been jobless for six months or more

Average and median duration of unemployment

 

VIII. Job Openings

The job seekers ratio (the number of unemployed workers per every job opening)

Unemployed and job openings, by industry (in thousands)

Three month moving-average of hires and layoffs, December 2000 – September 2010

 

Wealth

I.  Household wealth

Average wealth by wealth class in 2009

Average and median net worth of households by race, 2009

Median net worth of households by race, 2001-09

Growth of household net worth, 1965 – 2009

Distribution of wealth by class, 1983 – 2009

The ratio of the wealthiest 1% to median wealth in the United States

Annual net worth of “Forbes 400″ wealthiest individuals

 

II.  Financial wealth

Growth of inflation-adjusted S&P 500, 1955 – 2009

Distribution of stock market wealth by wealth class, 1962 – 2007

Distribution of growth in stock market holdings by wealth class, 1989 – 2007

 

III.  Housing wealth

Homeownership rates by income quartile, 2009

Homeownership rates by race, 1975 – 2009

Consumer bankruptcies per 1,000 adults and financial obligations ratio, 1989 – 2009

Homeownership rate and real home prices, 1965 – 2009

Homeowner’s equity as a percent of home value, 1945 – 2009

 

IV.  Household debt

Household debt as a percentage of disposable income, 1946 – 2009

Consumer credit and home equity loans as a percentage of disposable income, 1946 – 2009

Distribution in growth of debt, 1989 – 2007

 

International

I. Labor market policy

Gender gap in employment rates (ages 15-64), 1979-2009

Employment rates (ages 15-64) by gender, 1979-2009

Hourly compensation of manufacturing production workers,1979-2007 (U.S.=100)

Unemployment rates by education level (persons age 25-64), 2007

Unemployment rates, United States, Japan, and E.U. 15

Standardized* unemployment rates, 1979-2009

Average annual hours actually worked per worker, 1979-2009

 

II. Macroeconomic policy

Changes in GDP, total hours, productivity, average weekly hours, employment, and the unemployment rate 2007 – 2009

Per capita GDP using purchasing-power parity, 1950-2009 (2009 dollars)

Productivity levels, 1950-2009 (2009 purchasing power parity dollars)

Collective bargaining coverage in relation to productivity

 

III. Distribution

Share of U.S. median income received by low-  and high-  income households, 2005

Child poverty* rates before and after taxes and transfers, 2000

Poverty* rates before and after taxes and transfers, mid-2000′s

Top 0.1% income share in selected countries, excluding capital gains

Collective bargaining in relation to inequality*

 

IV. Social policy

Infant mortality, per 1,000 births, 1979 and 2006

Life expectancy and health spending per capita, 2007*

Public and private expenditures on health care spending (as percent of GDP), 2007*

Mandated maternity leave and paid maternity leave compared to public spending on child care

Comparison of total statutory leave time and average weeks worked per year

 

V. Mobility

Education correlations of parents and children

Probability of sons of fathers in bottom 20% to escape bottom 40%

Probability for daughters of fathers in bottom 20% to escape bottom 40%

Intergenerational correlations, fathers and sons, U.S., U.K., Europe, and Scandinavia

 

Mobility

I. Education

Intergenerational mobility by college education

Education correlations of parents and children

Income quartile of the entering class at top universities and community colleges

The role of education and education-based wage differentials on intergenerational mobility

College completion by income status and 8th grade test scores

 

II. Income

Percent of children who end up in the bottom fifth as adults based on parent’s income

Probability of sons of fathers in bottom 20% to escape bottom 40%

Likelihood that low-income son ends up above various income thresholds, depending on estimated ease of mobility

Share of families that experience a 50% or greater drop in income

Estimated correlations between sons’ and parents’ incomes, 1950-2000

Probability that children born in bottom income quartile end up in either lowest or highest income quartile as adults

Probability for daughters of fathers in bottom 20% to escape bottom 40%

Cumulative growth in family income volatility since 1973

Intergenerational correlations, fathers and sons, U.S., U.K., Europe, and Scandinavia

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