Jobs
Employment is the foundation of the standard of living most Americans will enjoy in their working age and retirement. A healthy job market is one where willing workers can find decent employment in a timely fashion.
- Job creation is a macroeconomic outcome
- Zero is not the baseline for job growth
- What are today’s jobs like?
- Unemployment
- Labor force participation: structural and cyclical changes
- Beyond the unemployment rate: Other measures of labor market slack
- Recovering from the Great Recession
- The consequences of job loss and unemployment for workers and their families
Job creation is a macroeconomic outcome
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Average annual change in employment, GDP, hours, and productivity, 1948–2011
Table 5.1 in State of Working America 12th Edition
Zero is not the baseline for job growth
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Jobs needed each month to hold steady and actual monthly job growth, 1969–2011
Figure 5A in State of Working America 12th Edition
What are today’s jobs like?
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Distribution of employment, by industry, selected years, 1979–2011 (and 2020 projections)
Figure 5B in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Job gains, losses, and net employment change, by firm size, 2000–2011
Figure 5D in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Distribution of employment, by occupation, selected years,1989–2011
Figure 5E in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Good jobs as a share of total employment, all workers and by gender, and output per worker, selected years,1979–2010
Figure 5F in State of Working America 12th Edition
Unemployment
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Labor force share and unemployment rate, by age, 1979–2011
Table 5.2 in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Unemployment rate (actual and holding age distribution constant), 1979–2011
Figure 5H in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Unemployment rate, by race and ethnicity, 1979–2011
Figure 5I in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Unemployment rate, by education and race and ethnicity, 2000–2011
Table 5.3 in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Unemployment rate, by gender and education, 2000–2011
Table 5.4 in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Unemployment rates of foreign-born and native-born workers, 1994–2011
Figure 5J in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Share of unemployed people with unemployment insurance benefits, 1989–2011
Figure 5K in State of Working America 12th Edition
Labor force participation: structural and cyclical changes
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Labor force participation rate, by age and gender, 1959–2011
Figure 5L in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Decline in the labor force participation rate from 1989 to 2011 and its possible effect on the unemployment rate in 2011, by gender and age
Table 5.5 in State of Working America 12th Edition
Beyond the unemployment rate: Other measures of labor market slack
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Employment-to-population ratio, age 25–54, by gender, 1989–2011
Figure 5M in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Underemployment rate, by race and ethnicity, 2000–2011
Figure 5N in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Long-term unemployment, by demographic group, education, and occupation, 2000–2011
Table 5.7 in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Unemployment rate, average monthly and over-the-year, 2000–2010
Figure 5P in State of Working America 12th Edition
Recovering from the Great Recession
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Job change since the start of each of the last four recessions
Figure 5S in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Job change since the start of each of the last four recoveries
Figure 5T in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Job change, by gender, in the Great Recession and its aftermath (Dec. 2007–Dec. 2011)
Figure 5U in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Industry distribution and job loss, by gender, 2007–2011
Table 5.8 in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Simulated job change by gender in the Great Recession and its aftermath (Dec. 2007–Dec. 2011), controlling for industry
Figure 5V in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Unemployed workers and job openings, by industry, 2011 (in millions)
Figure 5W in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Unemployed workers, by occupation, 2007 and 2011 (in millions)
Figure 5X in State of Working America 12th Edition
The consequences of job loss and unemployment for workers and their families
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Labor force status of involuntarily displaced workers, 1984–2010
Figure 5Z in State of Working America 12th Edition
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Average decline in weekly earnings for involuntarily displaced full-time workers who found new work, 1984–2010
Figure 5AA in State of Working America 12th Edition
